Background: Blood transfusion is associated with side effects caused by residual leukocytes in blood and blood components. Using leukodepleted blood components can decrease some of these adverse effects. Among the various methods to remove leukocytes in blood components, prestorage leukoreduction has been most efficient, but the evidence of clinical side effects awaits further studies. We evaluated changes of electrolytes in prestorage leukocyte-reduced red blood Cells.Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, one hundred twenty eight Packed Cells were studied: 64 unfiltered Packed Cells and 64 prestorage filtered Packed Cell. Two groups were matched as sex and age. Electrolytes such as Calcium, Sodium, and Potassium of two groups were measured, and compared during preparation.Results: In this study, mean of Calcium in unfiltered and filtered group were 6.16±1.09 mg/dl and 5.57±2.21 mg/dl, respectively (P-value<0.055). Mean of Sodium in unfiltered group also was 155.91+/-9.51meq/l and in filtered group, 153.05+/-13.21meq/l (P-value<0.163), and mean of Potassium in unfiltered group was 5.01+/-1.72 meq/l and in filtered group, 7.42+/-2.45meq/l (P-value<0.001).Conclusion: Releasing of Potassium during preparation of prestorage leukoreduction can cause increased Potassium level and hemoglobin concentration changes in prestorage filtered Packed Cell.

Clinical diagnosis that necessitates the use of centralised facilities and site visits might be difficult for patients in resource-constrained or remote settings. As a result, the development of a low-cost test that uses smartphone data collecting and transmission to enable illness self-management and point-of-care (POC) diagnostics would be advantageous. The PCV of canine blood collections can be extrapolated using a smartphone photograph. Filter paper has been utilized to hold the plasma samples, and photos were taken in various conditions using a smartphone. These findings were then contrasted with PCV values performed on the identical samples in accordance with WHO recommendations. Many samples were examined, and it was discovered that smartphone photos taken in a controlled setting could accurately predict the samples’ PCV. Whether testing samples of a regular erythroid mass or a polycythemic sample, this projection was the most correct. The findings of this study reveal that using Image Enhancement Techniques, smartphone-obtained photos can be used to estimate canine PCV. If this can be included into a smart device, it might be used in low-resource environments.

Background: Sickle Cell disease is a genetic disorder of hemoglobin causing myriad of pathology including anemia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the baseline values of steady state hemoglobin and Packed Cell volume as a guide to managing the early recognition of hemolytic crises in sickle Cell anemia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the sickle Cell patients attending the Sickle Cell clinic of Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja. A blood sample of 4.5 ml blood was collected from each participant for hemoglobin concentration and Packed Cell volume. All blood samples were also screened for HIV and hemoglobin phenotypes were done using Cellulose acetate hemoglobin electrophoresis at pH 8.6.Results: A total of 98 subjects in steady state were recruited, consisting of 53 (54.1%) females and 45 (45.9%) males. The overall means were 7.92±1.49 and 24.46±4.76; a female mean of 7.73±1.45; 23.89±4.60, and a male mean of 8.14±1.54 and 25.14±4.91 were obtained for hemoglobin and Packed Cell volume, respectively. Sixty – nine of the 98 (70.40%) subjects have been previously transfused with blood.Conclusion: The mean hemoglobin concentration and Packed Cell volume in males was higher than females. The overall mean was lower than what was expected for age and sex. Over two-third of sickle Cell anemia population had been transfused.

Background: Recently, the correlation between necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and Packed Cell transfusion (PCT) has been identified. Evidence shows that 25-35% of NEC cases are associated with PCT. Objectives: this study aimed to determine the association between PCT and feeding tolerance in healthy preterm newborns. Methods: Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was performed on preterm infants, admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Mofid Children’, s Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from April 2017 to May 2018. A total of 70 healthy premature infants (birth weight < 1500 g and gestational age < 32 weeks) with enteral feeding, who required PCT, were included in this study. The eligible infants were divided into two groups by block randomization. In the intervention group (n = 35), breastfeeding was withheld only during PCT and then continued as usual. Onthe other hand, in the control group (n = 35), feeding was performed as usual, regardless of PCT. Feeding tolerance within the first 72 hours post-transfusion was compared between the two groups. Sick newborns were excluded from the study. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 20. Results: The mean gestational age, birth weight, and postnatal age of the neonates were 30. 13 weeks, 1245. 71 g, and 17 days in the intervention group and 29. 97 weeks, 1169. 43 g, and 15. 46 days in the control group, respectively,there was no significant difference between the two groups. Except for pre-transfusion hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, other characteristics of the two groups were similar. Feeding tolerance was reported in 32 (91. 2%), 33 (94. 73%), and 34 (97. 1%) newborns at 24, 48, and 72 hours post-transfusion in both groups, without any significant difference. There was no significant difference between neonates with and without feeding tolerance in either of the groups. Conclusions: According to the present results, withholding feeding during PCT is not necessary in healthy preterm neonates with a good general condition, and continued breastfeeding seems to be a safe option.

INTRODUCTION: Transfusion of Packed red blood Cells (pRBC) with appropriate indications is not only important for patient safety and well-being but is also crucial for proper utilization of resources and health care-related cost reduction. We aimed to investigate the clinical appropriateness of blood transfusion in Shariati Hospital, one of the largest academic medical centers in Tehran. METHODS: In this prospective observational study, 1000 transfusions of allogenic pRBCs from April 1st to October 31st, 2015 were included. The patients’ characteristics, reason for hospitalization, indications for pRBC transfusions and ordering wards were collected. RESULTS: The mean level of hemoglobin before transfusion was 7. 4 ± 2. 3 g/dL in the emergency department, 7. 5 ± 1. 0 g/dL in medical wards, 10. 4 ± 2. 6 g/dL in surgical wards, and 9. 1 ± 2. 2 g/dL in the intensive care unit. The baseline hemoglobin levels differed significantly between the departments (P < 0. 001). Approximately 22% (219 patients) with hemoglobin level ≥ 10 g/dL received pRBC, which appeared to be unnecessary and inappropriate. CONCLUSION: Despite current international guidelines emphasizing the importance of restricted transfusion policy, the transfusion of pRBC with insufficient indications occurred frequently in Shariati Hospital, particularly in surgical wards.